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Scotland's Census 2001 - Statistics on Travel to Work or Study

Appendix

Census Background

The 2001 Census itself

The 2001 Census was designed to collect information on the resident population on Census Day - 29 April 2001.  Copies of the Census forms used are available on the Census pages on this website.

The Census questions asked of all people covered:

  • sex, age (date of birth) and marital status

  • relationship to others in the household (where applicable)

  • whether schoolchild/student

  • whether term-time address

  • country of birth

  • ethnic group

  • religion - current and upbringing

  • health

  • limiting long-term illness

  • provision of unpaid care

  • address one year ago

  • address of place of work or study

  • means of travel to work or study

  • knowledge of Gaelic

and questions for those aged 16 to 74 also covered:

  • qualifications

  • economic activity and employment status

  • number of employees at place of work

  • year since last employed

  • occupation and industry of employment

  • hours worked

and, in addition, the person filling in the form in each household was asked about:

  • type of accommodation and whether self-contained

  • number of rooms

  • availability of bath/shower and toilet

  • lowest floor level

  • presence of central heating

  • availability of cars or vans

  • tenure

  • landlord

  • whether or not accommodation was rented furnished

2001 Census Coverage Survey

The 1991 Census suffered from a degree of undercount (with some people and households being missed), the extent and nature of which was not identified by the 1991 Census Validation Survey.  As a result, the detailed 1991 Census tables were not consistent with the final estimate of 1991 Census Day population.  To avoid a similar situation following the 2001 Census, the Census itself was supplemented by the Census Coverage Survey (CCS).

The 2001 CCS was an intensive enumeration of a representative sample of postcodes in Scotland and was designed to be independent of the Census and provide the required data to estimate underenumeration.  More detail on the conduct of the 2001 Census is available on this website.

Quality of the Results in 2001

The use of the methodology means that the results of the 2001 Census cover the entire population of Scotland, and are believed to be the most reliable results obtained by any Census in Scotland.  However, there are a number of potential sources of error in the results.  These include:

  • Incorrect or incomplete information provided on the forms.
  • Sampling error related to estimates derived from the CCS.
  • Unidentified dependencies between the Census and the CCS.
  • Errors introduced during processing and imputation.

Some elements of incorrect information and biases will have been corrected during the editing process.  Following this, the results have undergone an extensive quality assurance process, including checks against aggregated administrative information on particular groups such as students and the armed forces.  Elements of dependency between the Census and Census Coverage Survey have been identified and corrected for, by cross-checking with alternative data sources.

Since the adjustments for underenumeration are estimates based on a sample survey, sampling errors can be used as a guide in assessing the accuracy of the adjustments.  The sampling error can be used to construct a 95 per cent confidence interval - that is a range in which we can be 95 per cent confident that the true value lies.  For the population of Scotland, this confidence interval is ± 0.3 per cent of the estimated population.

Confidentiality

The Registrar General has a legal obligation not to reveal information collected in the Census about individual people and households.  Protecting the Census data is of key importance and steps have been taken to safeguard confidentiality and protect against disclosure of personal information provided on the Census form.  Further information is given in ‘Scotland’s Census – A guide to the results and how to obtain them’ – which is available in the Census pages of this website or by contacting Statistics Customer Services using our Contact Form.

 


Page last updated: 21 April 2008


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